Advances in Lithium Isotope Geochemistry

by Paul Tomascak

Author	: Paul Tomascak
Publisher	: Springer
Total Pages	: 205
Release	: 2015-12-01
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3319014307

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This work summarizes the historical progression of the field of lithium (Li) isotope studies and provides a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the research applications toward which they have been directed. In synthesizing the historical and current research, the volume also suggests prospective future directions of study. Not even a full decade has passed since the publication of a broadly inclusive summary of Li isotope research around the globe (Tomascak, 2004). In this short time, the use of this isotope system in the investigation of geo- and cosmochemical questions has increased dramatically, due, in part, to the advent of new analytical technology at the end of the last millennium. Lithium, as a light element that forms low-charge, moderate-sized ions, manifests a number of chemical properties that make its stable isotope system useful in a wide array of geo- and cosmochemical research fields.

Lithium Isotopes

by Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann

Author	: Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann
Publisher	: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages	: 51
Release	: 2021-08-26
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1108997627

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Lithium isotopes are a relatively novel tracer of present and past silicate weathering processes. Given that silicate weathering is the primary long-term method by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere, Li isotope research is going through an exciting phase. We show the weathering processes that fractionate dissolved and sedimentary Li isotope ratios, focusing on weathering intensity and clay formation. We then discuss the carbonate and silicate archive potential of past seawater δ7Li. These archives have been used to examine Li isotope changes across both short and long timescales. The former can demonstrate the rates at which the climate is stabilised from perturbations via weathering, a fundamental piece of the puzzle of the long-term carbon cycle.

Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry

by Mark Baskaran

Author	: Mark Baskaran
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 944
Release	: 2011-10-13
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3642106374

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Applications of radioactive and stable isotopes have revolutionized our understanding of the Earth and near-earth surface processes. The utility of the isotopes are ever-increasing and our sole focus is to bring out the applications of these isotopes as tracers and chronometers to a wider audience so that they can be used as powerful tools to solve environmental problems. New developments in this field remain mostly in peer-reviewed journal articles and hence our goal is to synthesize these findings for easy reference for students, faculty, regulators in governmental and non-governmental agencies, and environmental companies. While this volume maintains its rigor in terms of its depth of knowledge and quantitative information, it contains the breadth needed for wide variety problems and applications in the environmental sciences. This volume presents all of the newer and older applications of isotopes pertaining to the environmental problems in one place that is readily accessible to readers. This book not only has the depth and rigor that is needed for academia, but it has the breadth and case studies to illustrate the utility of the isotopes in a wide variety of environments (atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, terrestrial environments, and sub-surface environments) and serves a large audience, from students and researchers, regulators in federal, state and local governments, and environmental companies.

Stable Isotope Geochemistry

by Jochen Hoefs

Author	: Jochen Hoefs
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 333
Release	: 2013-04-17
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3662033771

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Stable Isotope Geochemistry is an introduction to the use of stable isotopes in the fields of geoscience. It is subdivided into three parts: - theoretical and experimental principles; - fractionation mechanisms of light elements; - the natural variations of geologically important reservoirs. In this updated 4th edition many of the chapters have been expanded, especially those on techniques and environmental aspects. The main focus is on recent results and new developments. For students and scientists alike the book will be a primary reference with regard to how and where stable isotopes can be used to solve geological problems.

Isotope Geochemistry

by William M. White

Author	: William M. White
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 502
Release	: 2015-01-27
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 0470656700

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This book provides a comprehensive introduction to radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry. Beginning with a brief overview of nuclear physics and nuclear origins, it then reviews radioactive decay schemes and their use in geochronology. A following chapter covers the closely related techniques such as fission-track and carbon-14 dating. Subsequent chapters cover nucleosynthetic anomalies in meteorites and early solar system chronology and the use of radiogenic isotopes in understanding the evolution of the Earth’s mantle, crust, and oceans. Attention then turns to stable isotopes and after reviewing the basic principles involved, the book explores their use in topics as diverse as mantle evolution, archeology and paleontology, ore formation, and, particularly, paleoclimatology. A following chapter explores recent developments including unconventional stable isotopes, mass-independent fractionation, and isotopic ‘clumping’. The final chapter reviews the isotopic variation in the noble gases, which result from both radioactive decay and chemical fractionations.

Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes

by Fang-Zhen Teng

Author	: Fang-Zhen Teng
Publisher	: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages	: 902
Release	: 2017-03-06
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3110545632

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The development of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) makes it possible to precisely measure non-traditional stable isotopes. This volume reviews the current status of non-traditional isotope geochemistry from analytical, theoretical, and experimental approaches to analysis of natural samples. In particular, important applications to cosmochemistry, high-temperature geochemistry, low-temperature geochemistry, and geobiology are discussed. This volume provides the most comprehensive review on non-traditional isotope geochemistry for students and researchers who are interested in both the theory and applications of non-traditional stable isotope geochemistry.

Isotope Geochemistry

by William M. White

Author	: William M. White
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 724
Release	: 2023-04-17
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1119729939

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Provides a thorough and up-to-date overview of radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry Now in its second edition, Isotope Geochemistry presents a comprehensive introduction to radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry. The book opens with an overview of the physics and origins of atoms and nuclei, followed by a review of radioactive decay schemes and geochronological techniques such as fission-track and carbon-14 dating. Subsequent chapters cover nucleosynthetic anomalies in meteorites, early solar system chronology, the theory and application of stable isotope geochemistry, isotopic variation in the noble gases, and more. This edition includes new sections on thermochronology, U-He dating, recently published La–Ce isotope data, stable isotopes in ore deposits, nuclear volume and nuclear spin effects, and the application of isotope geochemistry in areas such as agriculture, forensics, and environmental studies. Revised and expanded discussions address topics including isotope cosmochemistry, non-traditional isotopes, nucleosynthesis, advanced U-Pb dating and isotopic analysis technologies, the subcontinental lithosphere, and mass-independent isotope fractionation. Describes the use of radiogenic isotopes in understanding the evolution of the Earth’s mantle, crust, and oceans Explores the use of stable isotopes in areas such as mantle evolution, archeology, paleontology, ore formation, and paleoclimatology Reviews new developments in the understanding of nucleosynthesis, including insights gained from the study of the 2017 neutron star merger detected by gravitational waves Discusses progress in the field of unconventional isotopes, advances in isotope cosmochemistry, and recent data on regional variations in isotopic compositions Illustrated in full color throughout, Isotope Geochemistry, Second Edition is an excellent textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate students in all earth science disciplines.

Geochemistry of Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes

by Clark M. Johnson

Author	: Clark M. Johnson
Publisher	: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages	: 472
Release	: 2018-12-17
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1501509365

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The goal for Volume 55 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry was to bring together a summary of the isotope geochemistry of non-traditional stable isotope systems as is known through 2003 for those elements that have been studied in some detail, and which have a variety of geochemical properties. In addition, recognizing that many of these elements are of interest to workers who are outside the traditional stable isotope fields, we felt it was important to include discussions on the broad isotopic variations that occur in the solar system, theoretical approaches to calculating isotopic fractionations, and the variety of analytical methods that are in use. We hope, therefore, that this volume proves to be useful to not only the isotope specialist, but to others who are interested in the contributions that these non-traditional stable isotopes may make toward understanding geochemical and biological cycles. The review chapters in this volume were the basis for a two-day short course on nontraditional stable isotopes held prior (May 15-16, 2004) to the spring AGU/CGU Meeting in Montreal, Canada.

Geochemistry

by William M. White

Author	: William M. White
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 963
Release	: 2020-10-02
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 111943811X

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A Comprehensive Introduction to the “Geochemist Toolbox” – the Basic Principles of Modern Geochemistry In the new edition of William M. White’s Geochemistry, undergraduate and graduate students will find each of the core principles of geochemistry covered. From defining key principles and methods to examining Earth’s core composition and exploring organic chemistry and fossil fuels, this definitive edition encompasses all the information needed for a solid foundation in the earth sciences for beginners and beyond. For researchers and applied scientists, this book will act as a useful reference on fundamental theories of geochemistry, applications, and environmental sciences. The new edition includes new chapters on the geochemistry of the Earth’s surface (the “critical zone”), marine geochemistry, and applied geochemistry as it relates to environmental applications and geochemical exploration. ● A review of the fundamentals of geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, trace element and organic geochemistry ● An introduction to radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry and applications such as geologic time, ancient climates, and diets of prehistoric people ● Formation of the Earth and composition and origins of the core, the mantle, and the crust ● New chapters that cover soils and streams, the oceans, and geochemistry applied to the environment and mineral exploration In this foundational look at geochemistry, new learners and professionals will find the answer to the essential principles and techniques of the science behind the Earth and its environs.