Conjugated Conducting Polymers

by Helmut Kiess

Author	: Helmut Kiess
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 320
Release	: 2012-12-06
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3642467296

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This book reviews the current understanding of electronic, optical and magnetic properties of conjugated polymers in both the semiconducting and metallic states. It introduces in particular novel phenomena and concepts in these quasi one-dimensional materials that differ from the well-established concepts valid for crystalline semiconductors. After a brief introductory chapter, the second chapter presents basic theore tical concepts and treats in detail the various models for n-conjugated polymers and the computational methods required to derive observable quantities. Specific spatially localized structures, often referred to as solitons, polarons and bipolarons, result naturally from the interaction between n-electrons and lattice displacements. For a semi-quantitative understanding of the various measure ments, electron-electron interactions have to be incorporated in the models; this in turn makes the calculations rather complicated. The third chapter is devoted to the electrical properties of these materials. The high metallic conductivity achieved by doping gave rise to the expression conducting polymers, which is often used for such materials even when they are in their semiconducting or insulating state. Although conductivity is one of the most important features, the reader will learn how difficult it is to draw definite conclusions about the nature of the charge carriers and the microscopic transport mechanism solely from electrical measurements. Optical properties are discussed in the fourth chapter.

Doping in Conjugated Polymers

by Pradip Kar

Author	: Pradip Kar
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 176
Release	: 2013-08-26
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 1118573803

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An A-to-Z of doping including its definition, its importance, methods of measurement, advantages and disadvantages, properties and characteristics—and role in conjugated polymers The versatility of polymer materials is expanding because of the introduction of electro-active behavior into the characteristics of some of them. The most exciting development in this area is related to the discovery of intrinsically conductive polymers or conjugated polymers, which include such examples as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene as well as their derivatives. "Synmet" or "synthetic metal" conjugated polymers, with their metallic characteristics, including conductivity, are of special interest to researchers. An area of limitless potential and application, conjugated polymers have sparked enormous interest, beginning in 2000 when the Nobel Prize for the discovery and development of electrically conducting conjugated polymers was awarded to three scientists: Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa. Conjugated polymers have a combination of properties—both metallic (conductivity) and polymeric; doping gives the conjugated polymer's semiconducting a wide range of conductivity, from insulating to low conducting. The doping process is a tested effective method for producing conducting polymers as semiconducting material, providing a substitute for inorganic semiconductors. Doping in Conjugated Polymers is the first book dedicated to the subject and offers a comprehensive A-to-Z overview. It details doping interaction, dopant types, doping techniques, and the influence of the dopant on applications. It explains how the performance of doped conjugated polymers is greatly influenced by the nature of the dopants and their level of distribution within the polymer, and shows how the electrochemical, mechanical, and optical properties of the doped conjugated polymers can be tailored by controlling the size and mobility of the dopants counter ions. The book also examines doping at the nanoscale, in particular, with carbon nanotubes. Readership The book will interest a broad range of researchers including chemists, electrochemists, biochemists, experimental and theoretical physicists, electronic and electrical engineers, polymer and materials scientists. It can also be used in both graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses on conjugated polymers and polymer technology.

Conducting Polymer-Based Nanocomposites

by Ayesha Kausar

Author	: Ayesha Kausar
Publisher	: Elsevier
Total Pages	: 306
Release	: 2021-04-28
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 0128224630

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Conducting Polymer-Based Nanocomposites: Fundamentals and Applications delivers an up-to-date overview on cutting-edge advancements in the field of nanocomposites derived from conjugated polymeric matrices. Design of conducting polymers and resultant nanocomposites has instigated significant addition in the field of modern nanoscience and technology. Recently, conducting polymer-based nanocomposites have attracted considerable academic and industrial research interest. The conductivity and physical properties of conjugated polymers have shown dramatic improvement with nanofiller addition. Appropriate fabrication strategies and the choice of a nanoreinforcement, along with a conducting matrix, may lead to enhanced physicochemical features and material performance. Substantial electrical conductivity, optical features, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and other physical properties of the conducting polymer-based nanocomposites have led to high-performance materials and high-tech devices and applications. This book begins with a widespread impression of state-of-the-art knowledge in indispensable features and processing of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites. It then discusses essential categories of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and derived nanomaterials. Subsequent sections of this book are related to the potential impact of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites in various technical fields. Significant application areas have been identified for anti-corrosion, EMI shielding, sensing, and energy device relevance. Finally, the book covers predictable challenges and future opportunities in the field of conjugated nanocomposites. Integrates the fundamentals of conducting polymers and a range of multifunctional applications Describes categories of essential conducting polymer-based nanocomposites for polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and derivative materials Assimilates the significance of multifunctional nanostructured materials of nanocomposite nanofibers Portrays current and future demanding technological applications of conjugated polymer-based nanocomposites, including anti-corrosion coatings, EMI shielding, sensors, and energy production and storage devices

Conjugated Polymers

by John R. Reynolds

Author	: John R. Reynolds
Publisher	: CRC Press
Total Pages	: 676
Release	: 2019-03-27
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 1351659804

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The Fourth Edition of the Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Two-Volume Set continues to be the definitive resource on the topic of conducting polymers. Completely updated with an extensive list of authors that draws on past and new contributors, the book takes into account the significant developments both in fundamental understanding and applications since publication of the previous edition. One of two volumes comprising the comprehensive Handbook, Conjugated Polymers: Perspective, Theory, and New Materials features new chapters on the fundamental theory and new materials involved in conducting polymers. It discusses the history of physics and chemistry of these materials and the theory behind them. Finally, it details polymer and materials chemistry including such topics as conjugated block copolymers, metal-containing conjugated polymers, and continuous flow processing. Aimed at researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals working in materials science and engineering, this book covers fundamentals, recent progress, and new materials involved in conducting polymers and includes a wide-ranging listing of comprehensive chapters authored by an international team of experts.

Conjugated Polymers

by Terje A. Skotheim

Author	: Terje A. Skotheim
Publisher	: CRC Press
Total Pages	: 656
Release	: 2006-12-21
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 9781420043600

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Many significant fundamental concepts and practical applications have developed since the publication of the best-selling second edition of the Handbook of Conducting Polymers. Now divided into two books, the third edition continues to retain the excellent expertise of the editors and world-renowned contributors while providing superior coverage of the recent advances in polymer processing and applications, particularly in conductivity, nonlinear optics, and light emission. Conjugated Polymers: Processing and Applications, the second of two volumes, picks up where the first volume ended. It concentrates on the numerous processing methods for conducting polymers and their integration into various devices and applications. The book first examines coating, printing, and spinning methods for complex patterned films and fibers. It then shows how conducting and semiconducting polymers are applied in many devices, such as light-emitting displays, solar cells, field effect transistors, electrochromic panels, charge storage devices, biosensors, and actuators. Following the essential scientific information found in the first installment, this book explores the ways in which polymers are useful in industrial and commercial applications. These application developments have already led to marketable products.

Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications

by Srabanti Ghosh

Author	: Srabanti Ghosh
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 38
Release	: 2021-06-01
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 3527345574

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A timely overview of fundamental and advanced topics of conjugated polymer nanostructures Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications is a comprehensive reference on conjugated polymers for energy applications. Distinguished academic and editor Srabanti Ghosh offers readers a broad overview of the synthesis, characterization, and energy-related applications of nanostructures based on conjugated polymers. The book includes novel approaches and presents an interdisciplinary perspective rooted in the interfacing of polymer and synthetic chemistry, materials science, organic chemistry, and analytical chemistry. This book provides complete descriptions of conjugated polymer nanostructures and polymer-based hybrid materials for energy conversion, water splitting, and the degradation of organic pollutants. Photovoltaics, solar cells, and energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium ion battery electrodes, and their associated technologies are discussed, as well. Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications covers both the fundamental topics and the most recent advances in this rapidly developing area, including: The design and characterization of conjugated polymer nanostructures, including the template-free and chemical synthesis of polymer nanostructures Conjugated polymer nanostructures for solar energy conversion and environmental protection, including the use of conjugated polymer-based nanocomposites as photocatalysts Conjugated polymer nanostructures for energy storage, including the use of nanocomposites as electrode materials The presentation of different and novel methods of utilizing conjugated polymer nanostructures for energy applications Perfect for materials scientists, polymer chemists, and physical chemists, Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications also belongs on the bookshelves of organic chemists and any other practicing researchers, academics, or professionals whose work touches on these highly versatile and useful structures.

Intrinsically Conducting Polymers: An Emerging Technology

by M. Aldissi

Author	: M. Aldissi
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 233
Release	: 2013-04-17
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 9401719527

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This book contains the majority of the papers presented at the NATO Ad vanced Research Workshop (ARW) held in Burlington, Vermont, USA on October 12-15, 1992. This ARW was the first of its kind to address the subject of intrinsically conducting polymers with an emphasis on processing and technological applications. The NATO ARW format was followed in that the subjects addressed here were limited in number but discussed in detail with the attendance being limited to a small number of selected scientists. The ARW brought together lecturers who are leaders in their respective fields from a wide range of NATO and non-NATO countries (a total of 11 countries) with the support of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division and some support from Champlain Cable Corporation. The total number of par ticipants was 33 and the number of presentations was 24. The speakers were chosen based on the topics selected for this workshop and repre sented industry, universities and government laboratories. The field of conducting polymers has grown rapidly during the past few years with important developments in materials processing and fabrica tion that brought about active research programs focusing on the use of these polymers as "smart" materials in technological applications and devices in academic and industrial research laboratories.

Nanostructured Conductive Polymers

by Ali Eftekhari

Author	: Ali Eftekhari
Publisher	: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages	: 740
Release	: 2011-07-07
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 1119956544

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Providing a vital link between nanotechnology and conductive polymers, this book covers advances in topics of this interdisciplinary area. In each chapter, there is a discussion of current research issues while reviewing the background of the topic. The selection of topics and contributors from around the globe make this text an outstanding resource for researchers involved in the field of nanomaterials or polymer materials design. The book is divided into three sections: From Conductive Polymers to Nanotechnology, Synthesis and Characterization, and Applications.

Nanofibers of Conjugated Polymers

by A. Sezai Sarac

Author	: A. Sezai Sarac
Publisher	: CRC Press
Total Pages	: 297
Release	: 2017-03-27
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 9814613525

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Conjugated polymer composites with high dielectric constants are being developed by the electronics industry in response to the need for power-grounded decoupling to secure the integrity of high-speed signals and to reduce electromagnetic interference. Electrically conducting polymers are materials that simultaneously possess the physical and chemical properties of organic polymers and the electronic characteristics of metals. Multifunctional micro- and nanostructures of conjugated polymers, such as of pyrrole, have received great attention in recent years because they can polymerize easily and have high conductivity and good thermal stability. They, however, have some disadvantages such as brittleness and hard processability, which can be overcome by developing their nanocomposites. Nanofiber materials with different dielectric properties can be made from conjugated polymer composites and used in the electronics industry, in sensors and batteries, for electrical stimulation to enhance nerve-regeneration process, and for constructing scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a versatile technique that is used to produce ultrathin continuous fibers with high surface-to-volume and aspect ratios from a variety of materials, including polymers, composites, and ceramics. Conductive materials in fibrillar shape may be advantageous compared with films because of their inherent properties such as anisotropy, high surface area, and mechanical strength. They are of particular interest in electroactive composites as they can be efficiently distributed in an insulating polymer matrix to improve both electrical and mechanical properties. Combination of electrical properties with good mechanical performance is of particular interest in electroactive polymer technology. This book covers the general aspects of electrospinning and discusses the fundamental concepts that can be used to produce nanofibers with the help of mathematical models and equations. It also details the methods through which different polymeric structures can be included in conjugated polymers during electrospinning to form composites or blends of conjugated polymer nanofibers.