Computational intelligence (CI) refers to the ability of computers to accomplish tasks that are normally completed by intelligent beings such as humans and animals. Artificial intelligent systems offer great improvement in healthcare systems by providing more intelligent and convenient solutions and services assisted by machine learning, wireless communications, data analytics, cognitive computing, and mobile computing. Modern health treatments are faced with the challenge of acquiring, analysing, and applying the large amount of knowledge necessary to solve complex problems. AI techniques are being effectively used in the field of healthcare systems by extracting the useful information from the vast amounts of data by applying human expertise and CI methods, such as fuzzy models, artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, and probabilistic methods which have recently emerged as promising tools for the development and application of intelligent systems in healthcare practice. This book starts with the fundamentals of computer intelligence and the techniques and procedures associated with them. Contained in the book are state-of-the-art CI methods and other allied techniques used in healthcare systems as well as advances in different CI methods that confront the problem of effective data analysis and storage faced by healthcare institutions. The objective of this book is to provide the latest research related to the healthcare sector to researchers and engineers with a platform encompassing state-of-the-art innovations, research and design, and the implementation of methodologies.