Do Species Exist?

Do Species Exist?
Author: Werner Kunz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 371
Release: 2013-08-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527664262

A readily comprehensible guide for biologists, field taxonomists and interested laymen to one of the oldest problems in biology: the species problem. Written by a geneticist with extensive experience in field taxonomy, this practical book provides the sound scientific background to the problems arising with classifying organisms according to species. It covers the main current theories of specification and gives a number of examples that cannot be explained by any single theory alone.

Do Species Exist?

Do Species Exist?
Author: Werner Kunz
Publisher:
Total Pages: 245
Release: 2012
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9783527664283

The species problem (the two questions, do species exist and, if yes, according to what criteria do two individuals belong to the same species) is one of the oldest questions in biology. Darwin's 'Origin of the Species' was - and still is - one of the most comprehensive answers to this problem. However, even Darwin's work cannot satisfactorily explain many of the speciation questions. Over the years, many concurrent taxonomic systems have evolved each of them particularly well suited for the speciation of certain groups of organisms but all of them fail to provide a universal answer to all questions relating to speciation. Do Species Exist? is a readily comprehensible guide for a wide audience of biologists, field taxonomists and philosophers, giving an excellent overview of the species problem without delving into the many feuds between the different schools of taxonomy.

The Pangenome

The Pangenome
Author: Hervé Tettelin
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 311
Release: 2020-04-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030382818

This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.

Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation
Author: David L. Jameson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 360
Release: 1977
Genre: Evolution
ISBN:

The nature of populations, races, subspecies, and species. Genetic basis of isolation. Origin of isolation - theoretical. Origin of isolation - experimental. The nature of the speciation process.

The Species Problem

The Species Problem
Author: Richard A. Richards
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 247
Release: 2010-07-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1139488295

There is long-standing disagreement among systematists about how to divide biodiversity into species. Over twenty different species concepts are used to group organisms, according to criteria as diverse as morphological or molecular similarity, interbreeding and genealogical relationships. This, combined with the implications of evolutionary biology, raises the worry that either there is no single kind of species, or that species are not real. This book surveys the history of thinking about species from Aristotle to modern systematics in order to understand the origin of the problem, and advocates a solution based on the idea of the division of conceptual labor, whereby species concepts function in different ways - theoretically and operationally. It also considers related topics such as individuality and the metaphysics of evolution, and how scientific terms get their meaning. This important addition to the current debate will be essential for philosophers and historians of science, and for biologists.

Speciation

Speciation
Author: Jerry A. Coyne
Publisher: Sinauer Associates Incorporated
Total Pages: 545
Release: 2004-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780878930890

Over the last two decades, the study of speciation has expanded from a modest backwater of evolutionary biology into a large and vigorous discipline. Speciation is designed to provide a unified, critical and up-to-date overview of the field. Aimed at professional biologists, graduate students and advanced undergraduates, it covers both plants and animals and deals with all relevant areas of research, including biogeography, field work, systematics, theory, and genetic and molecular studies. It gives special emphasis to topics that are either controversial or the subject of active research, including sympatric speciation, reinforcement, the role of hybridization in speciation, the search for genes causing reproductive isolation, and mounting evidence for the role of natural and sexual selection in the origin of species.

Why Fish Don't Exist

Why Fish Don't Exist
Author: Lulu Miller
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2020-04-14
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 1501160370

A Best Book of 2020: The Washington Post * NPR * Chicago Tribune * Smithsonian A “remarkable” (Los Angeles Times), “seductive” (The Wall Street Journal) debut from the new cohost of Radiolab, Why Fish Don’t Exist is a dark and astonishing tale of love, chaos, scientific obsession, and—possibly—even murder.​ “At one point, Miller dives into the ocean into a school of fish…comes up for air, and realizes she’s in love. That’s how I felt: Her book took me to strange depths I never imagined, and I was smitten.” —The New York Times Book Review David Starr Jordan was a taxonomist, a man possessed with bringing order to the natural world. In time, he would be credited with discovering nearly a fifth of the fish known to humans in his day. But the more of the hidden blueprint of life he uncovered, the harder the universe seemed to try to thwart him. His specimen collections were demolished by lightning, by fire, and eventually by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake—which sent more than a thousand discoveries, housed in fragile glass jars, plummeting to the floor. In an instant, his life’s work was shattered. Many might have given up, given in to despair. But Jordan? He surveyed the wreckage at his feet, found the first fish that he recognized, and confidently began to rebuild his collection. And this time, he introduced one clever innovation that he believed would at last protect his work against the chaos of the world. When NPR reporter Lulu Miller first heard this anecdote in passing, she took Jordan for a fool—a cautionary tale in hubris, or denial. But as her own life slowly unraveled, she began to wonder about him. Perhaps instead he was a model for how to go on when all seemed lost. What she would unearth about his life would transform her understanding of history, morality, and the world beneath her feet. Part biography, part memoir, part scientific adventure, Why Fish Don’t Exist is a wondrous fable about how to persevere in a world where chaos will always prevail.

The Species Problem

The Species Problem
Author: David N. Stamos
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2003
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780739107782

In this provocative work, David N. Stamos tackles the problem of determining exactly what a biological species is: in short, whether species are real and the nature of their reality. Although many have written on this topic, The Species Problem is the only comprehensive single-authored book on this central concern of biology. Stamos critically considers the evolution of the three major contemporary views of species: species nominalism, species as classes, and species as individuals. Finally, he develops his own solution to the species problem, a solution aimed at providing a universal species concept worthy of the Modern Synthesis. This book will be of interest to philosophers of biology and of science in general, to historians of biology, and to biologists concerned with one of the most significant (and practical) conceptual issues in their field.

Two Human Species Exist

Two Human Species Exist
Author: Bruce Eldine Morton
Publisher:
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2012-03
Genre: Family & Relationships
ISBN: 9780983341710

Two human species have long existed, unrecognized in front of our very eyes. They are Homo sapiens patripolaris and Homo sapiens matripolaris. Their reproductive differences remain unnoticed. Yet, because they are two different species, when they cross-breed, their hybrid offspring are cross-wired to produce Dyslexics, Homosexuals, Pedophiles, and Schizophrenics. This book contains published questionnaires that enable you to find your hemisity, your familial polarity, learn to which species you belong, and what type of "normal" or hybrid you are. Unrecognized, life-affecting differences in courtship and child rearing exist between the two species. This is the topic of Familial Polarity whose ancient existence and influence upon history you can confirm for yourself. Ignorance of familial polarity is a major source of multiple levels of global conflict.