The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases

The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2002-04-09
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309169739

Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are "those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate." Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals. The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area.

Immunological Aspects of Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonoses

Immunological Aspects of Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonoses
Author: Wei Wang
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 136
Release: 2024-03-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 2832546552

Zoonosis is an infectious disease that has jumped from non-human animals to humans. To date, more than 200 known types of zoonoses have been identified, and 60% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic. It is estimated that zoonoses are responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million human deaths worldwide each year, and 50-60% of the global population (5–6 billion) are projected to be at risk of zoonotic infections. Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses, such as monkeypox, Ebola, SARS, MERS, Zika, Rickettsia, and Mycobacteria, pose an immense and growing threat to global health, economy, and safety. As of September 26, 2022, there have been more than 600 million cases confirmed with COVID-19, and 6,514,397 deaths occurred due to this highly communicable disease. Identification of the immunological aspects of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses may facilitate the diagnosis, vaccine, and therapeutics development of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses.

Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission

Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission
Author: James E. Childs
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 524
Release: 2007-08-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783540709619

This volume offers an overview of the processes of zoonotic viral emergence, the intricacies of host/virus interactions, and the role of biological transitions and modifying factors. The themes introduced here are amplified and explored in detail by the contributing authors, who explore the mechanisms and unique circumstances by which evolution, biology, history, and current context have contrived to drive the emergence of different zoonotic agents by a series of related events.

Zoonoses

Zoonoses
Author: Rolf Bauerfeind
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 548
Release: 2015-12-22
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1555819257

Zoonoses are a persistent threat to the global human health Today, more than 200 diseases occurring in humans and animals are known to be mutually transmitted. Classical infectious diseases, such as rabies, plague, and yellow fever, have not been eradicated despite major efforts. New zoonotic diseases are on the increase due global conditions such as overpopulation, wars, and food scarcity, which facilitate human contact with rodents, stray animals, and their parasites. In addition, humans are unwittingly becoming accidental hosts and new links in an infectious chain by engaging in activities such as survival training, which involves camping in open areas and consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked food. Zoonotic infections cause a variety of symptoms that often do not provide clear evidence of a known disease. Zoonoses, Fourth Edition, describes most occurring worldwide zoonosis and facilitates the identification, diagnosis and treatment of zoonotic infections. Written by a team of doctors, medical microbiologists and veterinarians, this completely, revised edition covers all aspects of the epidemiology and prevention of zoonotic diseases through clear descriptions of various illnesses. Specifically, this fourth edition covers zoonosis caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites infections caused by animal bites infections and intoxications by animal foods Iatrogenic transmission of zoonotic pathogens Zoonoses is an indispensable reference for clinicians and laboratorians.

Bats and Viruses

Bats and Viruses
Author: Lin-Fa Wang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2015-09-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1118818733

Approximately 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses, and the rate of emergence of zoonotic diseases is on the rise. Bats are being increasingly recognised as an important reservoir of zoonotic viruses of different families, including SARS coronavirus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus and Ebola virus. Understanding bats’ role in emerging zoonotic diseases is crucial to this rapidly expanding area of research. Bats and Viruses: A New Frontier of Emerging Infectious Diseases provides an updated overview of research focusing on bat biology and the role bats play as hosts of many major zoonotic viruses. The text covers bat biology, immunology, and genomics. Chapters also delve into the various major bat-borne virus families, including lyssaviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, filoviruses and reoviruses, among others. Edited by leaders in the field, Bats and Viruses: A New Frontier of Emerging Infectious Diseases is a timely, invaluable reference for bat researchers studying microbiology, virology and immunology, as well as infectious disease workers and epidemiologists, among others.

Emerging Viral Diseases

Emerging Viral Diseases
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2015-03-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309314003

In the past half century, deadly disease outbreaks caused by novel viruses of animal origin - Nipah virus in Malaysia, Hendra virus in Australia, Hantavirus in the United States, Ebola virus in Africa, along with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), several influenza subtypes, and the SARS (sudden acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) coronaviruses - have underscored the urgency of understanding factors influencing viral disease emergence and spread. Emerging Viral Diseases is the summary of a public workshop hosted in March 2014 to examine factors driving the appearance, establishment, and spread of emerging, re-emerging and novel viral diseases; the global health and economic impacts of recently emerging and novel viral diseases in humans; and the scientific and policy approaches to improving domestic and international capacity to detect and respond to global outbreaks of infectious disease. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the event.

Emergence and Control of Zoonotic Viral Encephalitides

Emergence and Control of Zoonotic Viral Encephalitides
Author: Charles H. Calisher
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2013-12-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3709105722

In this period of obvious natural emergence of viral and other diseases, it is unclear as to what diseases are emerging, why they are emerging, and what, if anything, can be done to prevent or diminish their impact. This book, a compendium of presentations made at an international meeting of experts, provides summaries of areas of concern and details as to how disease agents such as Nipah and Hendra viruses in Australasia and West Nile virus in the Americas might have suddenly appeared. Either by alterations in natural habitats and diversity or by chance, pathogens emerge from time to time. This book addresses various aspects of such emergences, such as pathogenetic mechanisms of viruses, diagnosis of viral infections, viral host-management strategies, viral genetics, vaccine development and application. It is especially valuable for laboratory virologists, disease ecologists, physicians, and those who want to understand the complexities of viral characteristics.

Zoonoses

Zoonoses
Author: H. Krauss
Publisher:
Total Pages: 484
Release: 2003
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

Written by veterinarians, medical microbiologists, and physicians with broad experience in the field of infectious diseases. * Covers all aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis, as well as therapy and prophylaxis of zoonotic diseases. * Examines the most advanced diagnostic techniques, including PCR and ELISA, for the detection of sporadic infections even with rare organisms.* Serves a valuable reference for professionals in medicine, veterinary medicine, public health, and diagnostic laboratories and is especially helpful for those who are not experts in the field.

Microbial Threats to Health

Microbial Threats to Health
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 397
Release: 2003-08-25
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309185548

Infectious diseases are a global hazard that puts every nation and every person at risk. The recent SARS outbreak is a prime example. Knowing neither geographic nor political borders, often arriving silently and lethally, microbial pathogens constitute a grave threat to the health of humans. Indeed, a majority of countries recently identified the spread of infectious disease as the greatest global problem they confront. Throughout history, humans have struggled to control both the causes and consequences of infectious diseases and we will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Following up on a high-profile 1992 report from the Institute of Medicine, Microbial Threats to Health examines the current state of knowledge and policy pertaining to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from around the globe. It examines the spectrum of microbial threats, factors in disease emergence, and the ultimate capacity of the United States to meet the challenges posed by microbial threats to human health. From the impact of war or technology on disease emergence to the development of enhanced disease surveillance and vaccine strategies, Microbial Threats to Health contains valuable information for researchers, students, health care providers, policymakers, public health officials. and the interested public.