Modal Expressions in English

Modal Expressions in English
Author: Michael R. Perkins
Publisher: Praeger
Total Pages: 208
Release: 1983
Genre: Education
ISBN:

This work, which is both theoretical and descriptive, covers the entire range of modal expressions in English. It is organized so that the more general issues are dealt with first, followed by a more detailed analysis of the semantics of modal expressions. It is then supplemented by an assessment of how such an analysis is relevant to pragmatic and developmental perspectives on the expression of modality.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
Author: Kate Woodford
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1550
Release: 2003
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN: 9780521824231

The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary is the ideal dictionary for advanced EFL/ESL learners. Easy to use and with a great CD-ROM - the perfect learner's dictionary for exam success. First published as the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, this new edition has been completely updated and redesigned. - References to over 170,000 words, phrases and examples explained in clear and natural English - All the important new words that have come into the language (e.g. dirty bomb, lairy, 9/11, clickable) - Over 200 'Common Learner Error' notes, based on the Cambridge Learner Corpus from Cambridge ESOL exams Plus, on the CD-ROM: - SMART thesaurus - lets you find all the words with the same meaning - QUICKfind - automatically looks up words while you are working on-screen - SUPERwrite - tools for advanced writing, giving help with grammar and collocation - Hear and practise all the words.

Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics

Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics
Author: Beke Hansen
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 437
Release: 2018-12-24
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 900438152X

In Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, Beke Hansen analyses variation and change in the modal systems of three second-language varieties of English in Asia by taking a sociolinguistic approach to corpus data. Her study focuses on the modal and semi-modal verbs of strong obligation and necessity in Hong Kong English, Indian English, and Singapore English based on the relevant ICE component corpora. She adopts a typologically-informed perspective on variation in World Englishes by comparing the structures of the speakers’ first languages with the structures of the emergent varieties in the expression of epistemic modality. Beyond this, she analyses language change by constructing apparent-time scenarios to compensate for the lack of diachronic corpora in World Englishes.

Re-Assessing Modalising Expressions

Re-Assessing Modalising Expressions
Author: Pascal Hohaus
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2020-11-15
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027260524

Mood, modality and evidentiality are popular and dynamic areas in linguistics. Re-Assessing Modalising Expressions – Categories, co-text, and context focuses on the specific issue of the ways language users express permission, obligation, volition (intention), possibility and ability, necessity and prediction linguistically. Using a range of evidence and corpus data collected from different sources, the authors of this volume examine the distribution and functions of a range of patterns involving modalising expressions as predominantly found in standard American English, British English or Hong Kong English, but also in Japanese. The authors are particularly interested in addressing (co-)textual manifestations of modalising expressions as well as their distribution across different text-types and thus filling a gap research was unable to plug in the past. Thoughts on categorising or re-categorising modalising expressions initiate and complement a multi-perspectival enterprise that is intended to bring research in this area a step forward.

Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics

Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics
Author: Werner Abraham
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 455
Release: 2020-09-17
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1108861083

What do we mean when we say things like 'If only we knew what he was up to!' Clearly this is more than just a message, or a question to our addressee. We are expressing simultaneously that we don't know, and also that we wish to know. Several modes of encoding contribute to such modalities of expression: word order, subordinating subjunctions, sentences that are subordinated but nevertheless occur autonomously, and attitudinal discourse adverbs which, far beyond lexical adverbials of modality, allow the speaker and the listener to presuppose full agreement, partial agreement under presupposed conditions, or negotiation of common ground. This state of the art survey proposes a new model of modality, drawing on data from a variety of Germanic and Slavic languages to find out what is cross-linguistically universal about modality, and to argue that it is a constitutive part of human cognition.

The Grammar Book

The Grammar Book
Author: Marianne Celce-Murcia
Publisher: Newbury House
Total Pages: 872
Release: 1999
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN:

In this highly acclaimed revision, grammatical descriptions and teaching suggestions are organized into sections dealing with Form, Meaning, and Use. THE GRAMMAR BOOK, Second Edition helps teachers and future teachers grasp the linguistic system and details of English grammar, providing more information on how structures are used at the discourse level.

English Modality

English Modality
Author: Juana I. Marín-Arrese
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 459
Release: 2013-12-12
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110286327

The book presents new issues and areas of work in modality and evidentiality in English(es), and in relation to other European languages (French, Galician, Lithuanian, Spanish). Given the complexity of the relations among modal and evidential expressions, their constant diachronic evolution, and the variation found in different English-speaking areas, and in different genres and discourse domains, the volume addresses the following issues: the conceptual nature of modality, the relationship between the domains of modality and evidentiality, the evolution and current status of the modal auxiliaries and other modal expressions, the relationship with neighbouring grammatical categories (tense, aspect, mood), and the variation in different discourse domains and genres, in modelling stance and discourse identities.

Modal Expressions in English

Modal Expressions in English
Author: Michael R. Perkins
Publisher: Pinter Publishers for Royal Instit RS London
Total Pages: 208
Release: 1983
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN:

Modals and Quasi-modals in English

Modals and Quasi-modals in English
Author: Peter Collins
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 203
Release: 2015-06-29
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9042029099

Modals and Quasi-modals in English reports the findings of a corpus-based study of the modals and a set of semantically-related ‘quasi-modals’ in English. The study is the largest and most comprehensive to date in this area, and is informed by recent developments in the study of modality, including grammaticalization and recent diachronic change. The selection of the parallel corpora used, representing British, American and Australian English, was designed to facilitate the exploration of both regional and stylistic variation.