Much has happened in the world in the 17 years since the first New Views of the Moon was published as volume 60 of the Mineralogical Society of America in 2006. An exciting new era of lunar exploration has begun, including the promise of resuming human lunar exploration, exploring the lunar Poles, and missions to many other high-priority science targets. It is fitting, therefore, to now summarize the current state of knowledge to the degree possible at a time when advancements in knowledge of the Moon are proceeding at a breakneck pace. Therefore, during this period of unprecedented lunar exploration activity, and as we continue to rebound from a global pandemic, we now happily announce this New Views of the Moon 2 volume summarizing the advances in lunar science and exploration since 2006. The Steering Committee is eternally grateful to all contributors and especially the chapter leads, and to Professor Makiko Ohtake (University of Aizu, Japan) and Dr. David Blewett (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, U.S.A.) for organizing the New Views of the Moon 2 Electronic Annex. We deeply appreciate the hard work and dedication of everyone involved in the production of this volume, especially Rachel Russell and Ian Swainson at the Mineralogical Society of America. This volume helps to frame our knowledge and expectations for an exciting future of lunar science and exploration and the new discoveries to be made. Having humans return to the Moon now seems more likely than it ever has since the last humans left the Moon on 14 December 1972.