On Theories

On Theories
Author: William Demopoulos
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2021-12-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0674237579

A renowned philosopherÕs final work, illuminating how the logical empiricist tradition has failed to appreciate the role of actual experiments in forming its philosophy of science. The logical empiricist treatment of physics dominated twentieth-century philosophy of science. But the logical empiricist tradition, for all it accomplished, does not do justice to the way in which empirical evidence functions in modern physics. In his final work, the late philosopher of science William Demopoulos contends that philosophers have failed to provide an adequate epistemology of science because they have failed to appreciate the tightly woven character of theory and evidence. As a consequence, theory comes apart from evidence. This trouble is nowhere more evident than in theorizing about particle and quantum physics. Arguing that we must consider actual experiments as they have unfolded across history, Demopoulos provides a new epistemology of theories and evidence, albeit one that stands on the shoulders of giants. On Theories finds clarity in Isaac NewtonÕs suspicion of mere Òhypotheses.Ó NewtonÕs methodology lies in the background of Jean PerrinÕs experimental investigations of molecular reality and of the subatomic investigations of J. J. Thomson and Robert Millikan. Demopoulos extends this account to offer novel insights into the distinctive nature of quantum reality, where a logico-mathematical reconstruction of Bohrian complementarity meets John Stewart BellÕs empirical analysis of EinsteinÕs Òlocal realism.Ó On Theories ultimately provides a new interpretation of quantum probabilities as themselves objectively representing empirical reality.

Words, Thoughts, and Theories

Words, Thoughts, and Theories
Author: Alison Gopnik
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 289
Release: 1998-09-01
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0262571269

Words, Thoughts, and Theories articulates and defends the "theory theory" of cognitive and semantic development, the idea that infants and young children, like scientists, learn about the world by forming and revising theories, a view of the origins of knowledge and meaning that has broad implications for cognitive science. Gopnik and Meltzoff interweave philosophical arguments and empirical data from their own and other's research. Both the philosophy and the psychology, the arguments and the data, address the same fundamental epistemological question: How do we come to understand the world around us? Recently, the theory theory has led to much interesting research. However, this is the first book to look at the theory in extensive detail and to systematically contrast it with other theories. It is also the first to apply the theory to infancy and early childhood, to use the theory to provide a framework for understanding semantic development, and to demonstrate that language acquisition influences theory change in children.The authors show that children just beginning to talk are engaged in profound restructurings of several domains of knowledge. These restructurings are similar to theory changes in science, and they influence children's early semantic development, since children's cognitive concerns shape and motivate their use of very early words. But, in addition, children pay attention to the language they hear around them and this too reshapes their cognition, and causes them to reorganize their theories.

Theories for Everything

Theories for Everything
Author: John Langone
Publisher: National Geographic Books
Total Pages: 416
Release: 2006
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780792239123

Provides behind-the-scenes accounts of some of history's greatest science discoveries.

Book Use, Book Theory, 1500-1700

Book Use, Book Theory, 1500-1700
Author: Bradin Cormack
Publisher: Joseph Regenstein Lib
Total Pages: 124
Release: 2005
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780943056340

What might it mean to use books rather than read them? This work examines the relationship between book use and forms of thought and theory in the early modern period. Drawing on legal, medical, religious, scientific and literary texts, and on how-to books on topics ranging from cooking, praying, and memorizing to socializing, surveying, and traveling, Bradin Cormack and Carla Mazzio explore how early books defined the conditions of their own use and in so doing imagined the social and theoretical significance of that use. The volume addresses the material dimensions of the book in terms of the knowledge systems that informed them, looking not only to printed features such as title pages, tables, indexes and illustrations but also to the marginalia and other marks of use that actual readers and users left in and on their books. The authors argue that when books reflect on the uses they anticipate or ask of their readers, they tend to theorize their own forms. Book Use, Book Theory offers a fascinating approach to the history of the book and the history of theory as it emerged from textual practice.

Savage Theories

Savage Theories
Author: Pola Oloixarac
Publisher: Soho Press
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2017
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 1616957352

A student at the Buenos Aires School of Philosophy attempts to put her life (academically and romantically) in the service of a professor whose nearly forgotten theories of violence she plans to popularise and radicalise - against his wishes. Meanwhile, a young couple - a documentary filmmaker and a blogger - engage in a series of cerebral and sexual misadventures. In a novel crammed with philosophy, group sex, revolutionary politics and a fighting fish named Yorick, Oloixarac leads her characters and the reader through dazzling and digressive intellectual byways.

Field Theories

Field Theories
Author: Samiya A. Bashir
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017
Genre: Poetry
ISBN: 9781937658632

In her third collection, Bashir (Gospel) displays an intriguingly multivalent approach to the objectivities and subjectivities of black experience reflected in her multimedia collaborations

Algebraic Theories

Algebraic Theories
Author: Leonard Dickson
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2014-03-05
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 048615520X

This in-depth introduction to classical topics in higher algebra provides rigorous, detailed proofs for its explorations of some of mathematics' most significant concepts, including matrices, invariants, and groups. Algebraic Theories studies all of the important theories; its extensive offerings range from the foundations of higher algebra and the Galois theory of algebraic equations to finite linear groups (including Klein's "icosahedron" and the theory of equations of the fifth degree) and algebraic invariants. The full treatment includes matrices, linear transformations, elementary divisors and invariant factors, and quadratic, bilinear, and Hermitian forms, both singly and in pairs. The results are classical, with due attention to issues of rationality. Elementary divisors and invariant factors receive simple, natural introductions in connection with the classical form and a rational, canonical form of linear transformations. All topics are developed with a remarkable lucidity and discussed in close connection with their most frequent mathematical applications.

Theories of Modern Art

Theories of Modern Art
Author: Herschel Browning Chipp
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Total Pages: 692
Release: 1968
Genre: Art
ISBN: 9780520014503

The Handbook of Educational Theories

The Handbook of Educational Theories
Author: Beverly Irby
Publisher: IAP
Total Pages: 1164
Release: 2013-03-01
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1617358673

Although educational theories are presented in a variety of textbooks and in some discipline specific handbooks and encyclopedias, no publication exists which serves as a comprehensive, consolidated collection of the most influential and most frequently quoted and consulted theories. There is a need to put such theories into a single, easily accessible volume. A unique feature of the Handbook is the way in which it conveys the theories. The organization of the chapters within each section makes the volume an easy·to-use and tu1derstandable reference tool as researchers and practitioners seek theories to guide their research and practice and as they develop theoretical frameworks. In addition to the traditional theories presented, the Handbook includes emerging theories for the 21st Century as well as presenting practical examples of the use of these theories in research from dissertations and published articles. An appendix which indicates which theories have instruments associated with them and where those instruments can be found is also included. The Handbook consists of 12 sections. Section I provides the jntroduction with a focus on what constitutes good theory as well as how theory guides research and practice. The remaining sections address Philosophical Educational Constructs, Leaming Theory, Instructional Theory, Curriculum theory, Literacy and Language Acquisition Theory, Counseling Theory, Moral Development Theory, Classroom Management Theory, Assessment Theory, Organizational Theory, and Leadership/Management Theory. Each section consists of an overview written by the section editor of the general theoretical concepts to be addressed by the chapter authors. Each chapter within the section will include (a) a description of the theory with goals, assumptions, and aspects particular to the theory, (b) the original development of and interactions of the theory, (c) validation of the theory, (d) generalizability of the theory across cultures, ethnicities, and genders, (e) the use and application of the theory, (f) critiques of the theory, (g) any instruments associated with the theory, and (h) two to five particular studies exemplifying particular theories as individuals have used them in theoretical framework of dissertations or published articles and be written by the original theorist or prominent contributors to the theory. The Handbook is intended for graduate students enrolled in research courses or completing theses and dissertations. Additionally, professors of all educational disciplines in the social scierices would be an interested audience. There is also potential use of the text as administrators, counselors, and teachers in schools use theory to guide practice. As more inquiry is being promoted among school leaders, this book has more meaning for practitioners.