Origins of Resistance to Toxic Agents

by M Sevag
Origins of Resistance to Toxic Agents
Author: M Sevag
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 489
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323148328
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Origins of Resistance to Toxic Agents contains the proceedings of the Symposium held in Washington, D.C. on March 25-27, 1954. Contributors theoretically explore the origins of drug resistance and related problems, based on the concept that the development of resistance to various toxic agents is associated with alterations and/or loss in enzyme proteins, and can explain the mutational and other processes. This text is organized into five sections encompassing 25 chapters and begins with an overview of the evolutionary aspects of resistance to antibacterial agents, herbicides, and insecticides. The book then discusses spontaneous and induced mutations to drug resistance in Escherichia coli, along with the mechanism of drug resistance in protozoa and bacteria, the physiological aspects of insect resistance to insecticides, and the enzymatic detoxication of DDT. The next chapters focus on the origins of tolerance and addiction to drugs and the problem of alcoholism; biochemical effects of narcotics and alcohol administration; tolerance and physical dependence to narcotics; and resistance and dependence in cancer cells. The book concludes by analyzing the significance of protein configuration to the specificity of biological interaction. This book is a valuable source of information for physicians, biochemists, pharmacologists, entomologists, plant physiologists, students of cancer, and those who are interested in the theory of the evolution of living matter.

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

by Jun Lin
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
Author: Jun Lin
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2015-06-01
Genre: Antibiotics
ISBN: 2889195260
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Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

by Douglas L. Mayers
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance
Author: Douglas L. Mayers
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017-07-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783319467160
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The two volumes included in Antimicrobial Drug Resistance, Second Edition is an updated, comprehensive and multidisciplinary reference covering the area of antimicrobial drug resistance in bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites from basic science, clinical, and epidemiological perspectives. This newly revised compendium reviews the most current research and development on drug resistance while still providing the information in the accessible format of the first edition. The first volume, Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, is dedicated to the biological basis of drug resistance and effective avenues for drug development. With the emergence of more drug-resistant organisms, the approach to dealing with the drug resistance problem must include the research of different aspects of the mechanisms of bacterial resistance and the dissemination of resistance genes as well as research utilizing new genomic information. These approaches will permit the design of novel strategies to develop new antibiotics and preserve the effectiveness of those currently available. The second volume, Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects, is devoted to the clinical aspects of drug resistance. Although there is evidence that restricted use of a specific antibiotic can be followed by a decrease in drug resistance to that agent, drug resistance control is not easily achieved. Thus, the infectious diseases physician requires input from the clinical microbiologist, antimicrobial stewardship personnel, and infection control specialist to make informed choices for the effective management of various strains of drug-resistant pathogens in individual patients. This 2-volume set is an important reference for students in microbiology, infectious diseases physicians, medical students, basic scientists, drug development researchers, microbiologists, epidemiologists, and public health practitioners.

Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation

by Institute of Medicine
Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2009-05-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309131219
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Dr. Joshua Lederberg - scientist, Nobel laureate, visionary thinker, and friend of the Forum on Microbial Threats - died on February 2, 2008. It was in his honor that the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop on May 20-21, 2008, to examine Dr. Lederberg's scientific and policy contributions to the marketplace of ideas in the life sciences, medicine, and public policy. The resulting workshop summary, Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation, demonstrates the extent to which conceptual and technological developments have, within a few short years, advanced our collective understanding of the microbiome, microbial genetics, microbial communities, and microbe-host-environment interactions.

Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World

by National Research Council
Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2006-01-03
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309180686
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Humans coexist with millions of harmless microorganisms, but emerging diseases, resistance to antibiotics, and the threat of bioterrorism are forcing scientists to look for new ways to confront the microbes that do pose a danger. This report identifies innovative approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. The report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine

by Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine
Author: Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 2004
Release: 2017-03-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 111900084X
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Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

The Use of Drugs in Food Animals

by National Research Council
The Use of Drugs in Food Animals
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 276
Release: 1999-01-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309175771
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The use of drugs in food animal production has resulted in benefits throughout the food industry; however, their use has also raised public health safety concerns. The Use of Drugs in Food Animals provides an overview of why and how drugs are used in the major food-producing animal industriesâ€"poultry, dairy, beef, swine, and aquaculture. The volume discusses the prevalence of human pathogens in foods of animal origin. It also addresses the transfer of resistance in animal microbes to human pathogens and the resulting risk of human disease. The committee offers analysis and insight into these areas: Monitoring of drug residues. The book provides a brief overview of how the FDA and USDA monitor drug residues in foods of animal origin and describes quality assurance programs initiated by the poultry, dairy, beef, and swine industries. Antibiotic resistance. The committee reports what is known about this controversial problem and its potential effect on human health. The volume also looks at how drug use may be minimized with new approaches in genetics, nutrition, and animal management.

Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery

by Andrew G. Mtewa
Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery
Author: Andrew G. Mtewa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2020-12-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119650232
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Focusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology. Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career