Quantum Gases

by Nick Proukakis

Author	: Nick Proukakis
Publisher	: World Scientific
Total Pages	: 579
Release	: 2013
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1848168128

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This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.

Quantum Gases: Finite Temperature And Non-equilibrium Dynamics

by Nick P Proukakis

Author	: Nick P Proukakis
Publisher	: World Scientific
Total Pages	: 579
Release	: 2013-02-21
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1908979704

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The 1995 observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic vapours spawned the field of ultracold, degenerate quantum gases. Unprecedented developments in experimental design and precision control have led to quantum gases becoming the preferred playground for designer quantum many-body systems.This self-contained volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics. Thematically organised chapters on different methodologies, contributed by key researchers using a unified notation, provide the first integrated view of the relative merits of individual approaches, aided by pertinent introductory chapters and the guidance of editorial notes.Both graduate students and established researchers wishing to understand the state of the art will greatly benefit from this comprehensive and up-to-date review of non-equilibrium and finite temperature techniques in the exciting and expanding field of quantum gases and liquids./a

Bose-Condensed Gases at Finite Temperatures

by Allan Griffin

Author	: Allan Griffin
Publisher	: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages	: 475
Release	: 2009-02-19
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1139473832

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The discovery of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in trapped ultracold atomic gases in 1995 has led to an explosion of theoretical and experimental research on the properties of Bose-condensed dilute gases. The first treatment of BEC at finite temperatures, this book presents a thorough account of the theory of two-component dynamics and nonequilibrium behaviour in superfluid Bose gases. It uses a simplified microscopic model to give a clear, explicit account of collective modes in both the collisionless and collision-dominated regions. Major topics such as kinetic equations, local equilibrium and two-fluid hydrodynamics are introduced at an elementary level. Explicit predictions are worked out and linked to experiments. Providing a platform for future experimental and theoretical studies on the finite temperature dynamics of trapped Bose gases, this book is ideal for researchers and graduate students in ultracold atom physics, atomic, molecular and optical physics and condensed matter physics.

Non-equilibrium Dynamics of One-Dimensional Bose Gases

by Tim Langen

Author	: Tim Langen
Publisher	: Springer
Total Pages	: 154
Release	: 2015-05-22
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3319185640

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This work presents a series of experiments with ultracold one-dimensional Bose gases, which establish said gases as an ideal model system for exploring a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena. With the help of newly developed tools, like full distributions functions and phase correlation functions, the book reveals the emergence of thermal-like transient states, the light-cone-like emergence of thermal correlations and the observation of generalized thermodynamic ensembles. This points to a natural emergence of classical statistical properties from the microscopic unitary quantum evolution, and lays the groundwork for a universal framework of non-equilibrium physics. The thesis investigates a central question that is highly contested in quantum physics: how and to which extent does an isolated quantum many-body system relax? This question arises in many diverse areas of physics, and many of the open problems appear at vastly different energy, time and length scales, ranging from high-energy physics and cosmology to condensed matter and quantum information. A key challenge in attempting to answer this question is the scarcity of quantum many-body systems that are both well isolated from the environment and accessible for experimental study.

Bose-Einstein Condensation

by Lev. P. Pitaevskii

Author	: Lev. P. Pitaevskii
Publisher	: Oxford University Press
Total Pages	: 392
Release	: 2003-04-03
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 9780198507192

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Bose-Einstein Condensation represents a new state of matter and is one of the cornerstones of quantum physics, resulting in the 2001 Nobel Prize. Providing a useful introduction to one of the most exciting field of physics today, this text will be of interest to a growing community of physicists, and is easily accessible to non-specialists alike.

The Defocusing Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation

by Panayotis G. Kevrekidis

Author	: Panayotis G. Kevrekidis
Publisher	: SIAM
Total Pages	: 437
Release	: 2015-08-04
Genre	: Mathematics
ISBN	: 1611973937

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Bose?Einstein condensation is a phase transition in which a fraction of particles of a boson gas condenses into the same quantum state known as the Bose?Einstein condensate (BEC). The aim of this book is to present a wide array of findings in the realm of BECs and on the nonlinear Schr?dinger-type models that arise therein. The Defocusing Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation is a broad study of nonlinear excitations in self-defocusing nonlinear media. It summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on the defocusing nonlinear Schr?dinger-type models in a single volume and contains a wealth of resources, including over 800 references to relevant articles and monographs and a meticulous index for ease of navigation.

Ultracold Atoms for Foundational Tests of Quantum Mechanics

by Robert J. Lewis-Swan

Author	: Robert J. Lewis-Swan
Publisher	: Springer
Total Pages	: 161
Release	: 2016-06-25
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3319410482

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This thesis presents a theoretical investigation into the creation and exploitation of quantum correlations and entanglement among ultracold atoms. Specifically, it focuses on these non-classical effects in two contexts: (i) tests of local realism with massive particles, e.g., violations of a Bell inequality and the EPR paradox, and (ii) realization of quantum technology by exploitation of entanglement, for example quantum-enhanced metrology. In particular, the work presented in this thesis emphasizes the possibility of demonstrating and characterizing entanglement in realistic experiments, beyond the simple “toy-models” often discussed in the literature. The importance and relevance of this thesis are reflected in a spate of recent publications regarding experimental demonstrations of the atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, observation of EPR entanglement with massive particles and a demonstration of an atomic SU(1,1) interferometer. With a separate chapter on each of these systems, this thesis is at the forefront of current research in ultracold atomic physics.

Nonequilibrium Gas Dynamics and Molecular Simulation

by Iain D. Boyd

Author	: Iain D. Boyd
Publisher	: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages	: 383
Release	: 2017-03-23
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 1107073448

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7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Rotational Energy Exchange Models -- 7.2.1 Constant Collision Number -- 7.2.2 The Parker Model -- 7.2.3 Variable Probability Exchange Model of Boyd -- 7.2.4 Nonequilibrium Direction Dependent Model -- 7.2.5 Model Results -- 7.3 Vibrational Energy Exchange Models -- 7.3.1 Constant Collision Number -- 7.3.2 The Millikan-White Model -- 7.3.3 Quantized Treatment for Vibration -- 7.3.4 Model Results -- 7.4 Dissociation Chemical Reactions -- 7.4.1 Total Collision Energy Model -- 7.4.2 Redistribution of Energy Following a Dissociation Reaction -- 7.4.3 Vibrationally Favored Dissociation Model -- 7.5 General Chemical Reactions -- 7.5.1 Reaction Rates and Equilibrium Constant -- 7.5.2 Backward Reaction Rates in DSMC -- 7.5.3 Three-Body Recombination Reactions -- 7.5.4 Post-Reaction Energy Redistribution and General Implementation -- 7.5.5 DSMC Solutions for Reacting Flows -- 7.6 Summary -- Appendix A: Generating Particle Properties -- Appendix B: Collisional Quantities -- Appendix C: Determining Post-Collision Velocities -- Appendix D: Macroscopic Properties -- Appendix E: Common Integrals -- References -- Index

Quantum Many-Body Physics of Ultracold Molecules in Optical Lattices

by Michael L. Wall

Author	: Michael L. Wall
Publisher	: Springer
Total Pages	: 391
Release	: 2015-04-20
Genre	: Science
ISBN	: 3319142526

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This thesis investigates ultracold molecules as a resource for novel quantum many-body physics, in particular by utilizing their rich internal structure and strong, long-range dipole-dipole interactions. In addition, numerical methods based on matrix product states are analyzed in detail, and general algorithms for investigating the static and dynamic properties of essentially arbitrary one-dimensional quantum many-body systems are put forth. Finally, this thesis covers open-source implementations of matrix product state algorithms, as well as educational material designed to aid in the use of understanding such methods.