Regreening the Bare Hills

by David Lamb

Author	: David Lamb
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 560
Release	: 2010-10-14
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 9048198704

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In Regreening the Bare Hills: Tropical Forest Restoration in the Asia-Pacific Region, David Lamb explores how reforestation might be carried out both to conserve biological diversity and to improve the livelihoods of the rural poor. While both issues have attracted considerable attention in recent years, this book takes a significant step, by integrating ecological and silvicultural knowledge within the context of the social and economic issues that can determine the success or failure of tropical forest landscape restoration. Describing new approaches to the reforestation of degraded lands in the Asia-Pacific tropics, the book reviews current approaches to reforestation throughout the region, paying particular attention to those which incorporate native species – including in multi-species plantations. It presents case studies from across the Asia-Pacific region and discusses how the silvicultural methods needed to manage these ‘new’ plantations will differ from conventional methods. It also explores how reforestation might be made more attractive to smallholders and how trade-offs between production and conservation are most easily made at a landscape scale. The book concludes with a discussion of how future forest restoration may be affected by some current ecological and socio-economic trends now underway. The book represents a valuable resource for reforestation managers and policy makers wishing to promote these new silvicultural approaches, as well as for conservationists, development experts and researchers with an interest in forest restoration. Combining a theoretical-research perspective with practical aspects of restoration, the book will be equally valuable to practitioners and academics, while the lessons drawn from these discussions will have relevance elsewhere throughout the tropics.

A Manual for Dryland Afforestation and Management

by G. Singh

Author	: G. Singh
Publisher	: Scientific Publishers - AFARI
Total Pages	: 625
Release	: 2017-01-01
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 9387869474

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Community-oriented conservation of natural resources and promotion and protection of trees in drylands are examples to deal with climatic adversities. This book provides knowledge on climatic, ecological, social and economic condition of dry areas and lay out approaches and strategies to restore degraded lands. There are 15 chapters and first five deals with physiography of Rajasthan, drylands ecology, problems of land degradation, its economic evaluation and the approaches and strategies of restoration and rehabilitation. Next two chapters describe the problems of sand drift, salinity, water logging and effluent inflicted areas and strategies to control them. Chapters 8-10 deal with seed production, quality planting materials, genetic improvement, propagation and planting techniques. Chapters 11-12 describe methods of rain water harvesting and irrigation, and resources conservation for seed sowing and favouring regeneration and successions. Effective management of pests/diseases in nurseries and plantation, growth and yield prediction equations and models, and people's perception and participation in managing forest resources have been described in last 3 chapters. Purpose of this publication is to strengthen the forest functionaries and readers with wide ranging knowledge on land degradation, desertification and eco-biology of drylands; and methods to restore and rehabilitate degrading forest (lands) to increase forest cover, enhance resilience and people livelihoods and improve environmental conditions. Academician, researchers, forest managers, non-government organizations, extension agents and environmentalists can use it in developing, conserving and managing drylands ecosystems for its long lasting beneficial effects. This book is also useful to policy makers in effective planning of restoring, protecting and conserving dryland's ecological and socioeconomic services.

Conservation and Management of Tropical Rainforests, 2nd Edition

by Eberhard F Bruenig

Author	: Eberhard F Bruenig
Publisher	: CABI
Total Pages	: 420
Release	: 2016-12-07
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 1780641400

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This new edition of Conservation and Management of Tropical Rainforests applies the large body of knowledge, experience and tradition available to those who study tropical rainforests. Revised and updated in light of developments in science, technology, economics, politics, etc. and their effects on tropical forests, it describes the principles of integrated conservation and management that lead to sustainability, identifying the unifying phenomena that regulate the processes within the rainforest and that are fundamental to the ecosystem viability. Features of the natural forest and the socio-cultural ecosystems which can be mimicked in the design of self-sustaining forests are also discussed. A holistic approach to the management and conservation of rainforests is developed throughout the book. The focus on South-East Asian forestry will be widened to include Africa and Latin America. Recent controversial issues such as biofuels and carbon credits with respect to tropical forests and their inhabitants will be discussed. This book is a substantial contribution to the literature, it is a valuable resource for all those concerned with rainforests.

Routledge Handbook of Ecological and Environmental Restoration

by Stuart K. Allison

Author	: Stuart K. Allison
Publisher	: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages	: 621
Release	: 2017-05-18
Genre	: Nature
ISBN	: 131741375X

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Ecological restoration is a rapidly evolving discipline that is engaged with developing both methodologies and strategies for repairing damaged and polluted ecosystems and environments. During the last decade the rapid pace of climate change coupled with continuing habitat destruction and the spread of non-native species to new habitats has forced restoration ecologists to re-evaluate their goals and the methods they use. This comprehensive handbook brings together an internationally respected group of established and rising experts in the field. The book begins with a description of current practices and the state of knowledge in particular areas of restoration, and then identifies new directions that will help the field achieve increasing levels of future success. Part I provides basic background about ecological and environmental restoration. Part II systematically reviews restoration in key ecosystem types located throughout the world. In Part III, management and policy issues are examined in detail, offering the first comprehensive treatment of policy relevance in the field, while Part IV looks to the future. Ultimately, good ecological restoration depends upon a combination of good science, policy, planning and outreach – all issues that are addressed in this unrivalled volume.

Pollution and the Atmosphere

by Marco Ragazzi

Author	: Marco Ragazzi
Publisher	: CRC Press
Total Pages	: 279
Release	: 2017-01-12
Genre	: Nature
ISBN	: 1315341441

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This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This new compendium volume examines the significant impact of air quality on human health. Assessing air pollution in complex morphologies has become an important issue in order to implement mitigation measures and limit emissions from the most relevant sources, such as waste incineration, traffic emissions, emissions from fuel and electricity production, and household emissions. These pollutants result in adverse health effects, material damage, damage to ecosystems, and global climate change. The book looks at these issues and is divided into several sections, covering air pollution and where we came from and where we’re headed waste incineration and its impact on air quality air pollution vehicle and transportation emissions emissions from fuel and electricity production The chapters in Pollution and the Atmosphere: Designs for Reduced Emissions contain recent research looking at the two major components of air pollution: air pollution control and air-quality engineering. Air pollution control focuses on the fundamentals of air pollutant formation in process technologies and the identification of options for mitigating or preventing air pollutant emissions. Air quality engineering deals with large-scale, multi-source control strategies, with focus on the physics and chemistry of pollutant interactions in the atmosphere.

The Ecology of Tropical East Asia

by Richard Corlett

Author	: Richard Corlett
Publisher	: Oxford University Press
Total Pages	: 305
Release	: 2014
Genre	: Nature
ISBN	: 0199681341

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An updated edition of the only book dedicated to the terrestrial ecology of the East Asian tropics, authored by a world-renowned tropical ecologist

Private or Socialistic Forestry?

by Matti Palo

Author	: Matti Palo
Publisher	: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages	: 482
Release	: 2012-02-13
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 9048138965

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While deforestation continues at an alarming rate around the world, discussions on the range of underlying causes continue. The premise is that studying successful transitions from deforestation to sustainable forestry ex post in Finland can provide novel insights into how deforestation in the tropics might be reduced in the future. Our fundamental question here is why Finland succeeded to stop deforestation for a century ago and why not the same is feasible in the contemporary tropical countries? This book presents a novel integrated theory within which this case study on Finland and contemporary modeling of underlying causes of tropical deforestation are developed. Finland remains the world’s second largest net exporter of forest products, while maintaining the highest forest cover in Europe. A transition from deforestation to sustainable industrial forestry took place in Finland during the first part of the 20th century. The underlying causes of this transition are compared via our theory with deforestation in 74 contemporary tropical countries. Both appear similar and support our theory. The interaction of public policies and market institutions has appeared to be critical during this transition. The study’s findings suggest that private forest ownership with a continuous increase in the real value of forests and alleviation of poverty under non-corruptive conditions has been a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for this transition. In a parallel way public policies have also proved to be a necessary, but not sufficient, condition in this transition. The conclusion is that socialistic forestry along with corruption is artificially maintaining too low values in the tropical forests. The opportunity cost of sustainable forestry remains too high and deforestation by extensification of agriculture therefore continues. The prevailing socialistic forestry with dominating public forest ownership is by purpose maintaining administratively set low stumpage prices leading to low value of forests, wide corruption and continuous forest degradation and deforestation. An effective remedy – to raise the value of forests - is found to be within forestry.

Land Degradation in India

by Ratan Priya

Author	: Ratan Priya
Publisher	: Springer Nature
Total Pages	: 111
Release	: 2021-03-19
Genre	: Technology & Engineering
ISBN	: 3030688488

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This book discusses land degradation in India using statistical tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Regression Analysis (RA), and uses statistical analyses and graphical representations of the causal relationship between land degradation and land productivity to determine linkages with deforestation, climate change and agricultural productivity. While most studies of land degradation in India focus on economic outcomes and physical processes at macro and micro levels, this study addresses land degradation at the meso-level to fill in this gap and provide up-to-date information on often overlooked factors associated with land degradation issues using the latest available data. Districts in the study were selected by land degradation intensity, forming an index of the severity of land degradation in the area, with a focus on gullied lands, soil salinity/alkalinity and open and dense scrubs as indicators. Though the study areas are in India, researchers, policy makers and students around the world will be able to learn from these inputs regarding land degradation to address various challenges associated with sustainable land management and agricultural productivity.

Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set

by Yeqiao Wang

Author	: Yeqiao Wang
Publisher	: CRC Press
Total Pages	: 1217
Release	: 2014-06-01
Genre	: Nature
ISBN	: 1351043838

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With unprecedented attention on global change, the current debate revolves around the availability and sustainability of natural resources and how to achieve equilibrium between what society demands from natural environments and what the natural resource base can provide. A full understanding of the range of issues, from the consequences of the changing resource bases to the degradation of ecological integrity and the sustainability of life, is crucial to the process of developing solutions to this complex challenge. Authored by world-class scientists and scholars, The Encyclopedia of Natural Resources provides an authoritative reference on a broad spectrum of topics such as the forcing factors and habitats of life; their histories, current status, and future trends; and their societal connections, economic values, and management. The content presents state-of-the-art science and technology development and perspectives of resource management. Written and designed with a broad audience in mind, the entries clearly elucidate the issues for readers at all levels. Volume I – Land includes 98 entries that cover the topical areas of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources such as forest and vegetative; soil; terrestrial coastal and inland wetlands; landscape structure and function and change; biological diversity; ecosystem services, protected areas, and management; natural resource economics; and resource security and sustainability. In Volume II, Water includes 59 entries and Air includes 31 entries. The Water entries cover topical areas such as fresh water, groundwater, water quality and watersheds, ice and snow, coastal environments, and marine resources and economics. The Air entries cover air pollutants, atmospheric oscillation, circulation patterns and atmospheric water storage, as well as agroclimatology, climate change, and extreme events. Additional topics in meteorology include acid rain, drought, ozone depletion, water storage, and more. Natural resources represent such a broad scope of complex and challenging topics that a reference book must cover a vast number of subjects in order to be titled an encyclopedia. The Encyclopedia of Natural Resources does just that. The topics covered help readers face current and future issues in the maintenance of clean air and water as well as the preservation of land resources and native biodiversity.