Trade and Enterprise

Trade and Enterprise
Author: Gad G. Gilbar
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 323
Release: 2022-10-31
Genre: History
ISBN: 1000740196

Until recently, the historiography of Middle Eastern economic elites during the first globalization has ignored the significant role played by Muslim tujjār (big merchant-entrepreneurs). Foreign firms and local minorities were considered the prime agents of economic change and the initiators of economic growth. The 12 studies in this volume show that the Muslim tujjār played a major economic role in various regions of the Middle East during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Their investments, mainly in commercial agriculture, resulted in economic growth and changed economic structures and social relations in many Middle Eastern communities. They were also involved in political developments, some of which had a dramatic effect on the history of their countries, as for instance in late Qajar Iran. They also played a unique role in the process of cultural change. Although they supported the ʿulamāʾ financially, they also contributed to the establishment of new educational and cultural institutions. The story of the tujjār is unique in the sense that it was the only indigenous elite group in the pre-World War I Middle East to bridge between traditional forces and concepts and Western attitudes and practices. (CS 1108).

Trade, Plunder and Settlement

Trade, Plunder and Settlement
Author: Kenneth R. Andrews
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 408
Release: 1984-11-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780521276986

Traces the maritime expansion of England through descriptions of a multitude of sea voyages from 1480 through 1630. Analyzes exploration, trading enterprise ventures and piracy and reveals how the attempts to create British settlements overseas resulted in the founding of the first New World colonies.

Private Enterprise and the China Trade

Private Enterprise and the China Trade
Author: Meike von Brescius
Publisher: Library of Economic History
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2022
Genre: History
ISBN: 9789004369146

"This book examines the European commercial landscape of the early China trade, c.1700-1750. It looks at the foundational period of Sino-European commerce and explores a world of private enterprise beneath the surface of the official East India Company structures. Using rich private trade records, it analyses the making of pan-European markets, distribution networks and patterns of investment that together reveal a new geography of a trading system previously studied mostly at Canton. By considering the interloping activities of British-born merchants working for the smaller East India Companies, the book uncovers the commercial practices and cross-Company collaborations, both legal and illicit, that sustained the growth of the China trade: smuggling, wholesale trading, private commissions and the manipulation of Company auctions"--

The Land of Enterprise

The Land of Enterprise
Author: Benjamin C. Waterhouse
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2017-04-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1476766673

This groundbreaking account of the development of American business from the colonial period to the present explains that the history of the United States can best be understood not as a search for freedom—but as a search for wealth and prosperity. The Land of Enterprise charts the development of American business from the colonial period to the present. It explores the nation’s evolving economic, social, and political landscape by examining how different types of enterprising activities rose and fell, how new labor and production technologies supplanted old ones—and at what costs—and how Americans of all stripes responded to the tumultuous world of business. In particular, historian Benjamin Waterhouse highlights the changes in business practices, the development of different industries and sectors, and the complex relationship between business and national politics. From executives and bankers to farmers and sailors, from union leaders to politicians to slaves, business history is American history, and Waterhouse pays tribute to the unnamed millions who traded their labor (sometimes by choice, often not) or decided what products to consume (sometimes informed, often not). Their story includes those who fought against what they saw as an oppressive system of exploitation as well as those who defended free markets from any outside intervention. The Land of Enterprise is not only a comprehensive look into our past achievements, but offers clues as to how to confront the challenges of today’s world: globalization, income inequality, and technological change.

Enterprise and Trade in Victorian Britain

Enterprise and Trade in Victorian Britain
Author: D. N. McCloskey
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2013-10-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134558341

The essays in this book focus on the controversies concerning Britain's economic performance between the mid-nineteenth century and the First World War. The overriding theme is that Britain's own resources were consistently more productive, more resilient and more successful than is normally assumed. And if the economy's achievement was considerable, the influence on it of external factors (trade, international competition, policy) were much less significant than is normally supposed. The book is structured as follows: Part One: The Method of Historical Economics Part Two: Enterprise in Late Victorian Britain Part Three: Britain in the World Economy, 1846-1913.

The Canton Trade

The Canton Trade
Author: Paul A. Van Dyke
Publisher: Hong Kong University Press
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2005-12-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 9622097499

This study utilizes a wide range of new source materials to reconstruct the day-to-day operations of the port of Canton during the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries. Using a bottom-up approach, it provides a fresh look at the successes and failures of the trade by focusing on the practices and procedures rather than on the official policies and protocols. The narrative, however, reads like a story as the author unravels the daily lives of all the players from sampan operators, pilots, compradors and linguists, to country traders, supercargoes, Hong merchants and customs officials. New areas to studies of this kind are covered as well, such as Armenians, junk traders and rice traders, all of whom played intricate roles in moving the commerce forward. The Canton Trade shows that contrary to popular belief, the trade was stable, predictable and secure, with many incentives built into the policies to encourage it to grow. The huge expansion of trade was, in fact, one of the factors that contributed to its collapse as the increase in revenues blinded government officials to the long-term deterioration of the lower administrative echelons. In the end, the system was toppled, but that happened mainly because it had already defeated itself. General readers and academicians interested in world and Asian history, trading companies, country trade, Hong merchants, and articles of trade will find much new and relevant information here.

Trade Is Not a Four-Letter Word

Trade Is Not a Four-Letter Word
Author: Fred P. Hochberg
Publisher: Avid Reader Press / Simon & Schuster
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2021-01-26
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1982127376

“A sprightly and clear-eyed testimonial to the value of globalization” (The Wall Street Journal) as seen through six surprising everyday goods—the taco salad, the Honda Odyssey, the banana, the iPhone, the college degree, and the blockbuster HBO series Game of Thrones. Trade allows us to sell what we produce at home and purchase what we don’t. It lowers prices and gives us greater variety and innovation. Yet understanding our place in the global trade network is rarely simple. Trade has become an easy excuse for struggling economies, a scapegoat for our failures to adapt to a changing world, and—for many Americans on both the right and the left—nothing short of a four-letter word. But as Fred P. Hochberg reminds us, trade is easier to understand than we commonly think. In Trade Is Not a Four-Letter Word, you’ll learn how NAFTA became a populist punching bag on both sides of the aisle. You’ll learn how Americans can avoid the grim specter of the $10 banana. And you’ll finally discover the truth about whether or not, as President Trump has famously tweeted, “trade wars are good and easy to win.” (Spoiler alert—they aren’t.) Hochberg debunks common trade myths by pulling back the curtain on six everyday products, each with a surprising story to tell: the taco salad, the Honda Odyssey, the banana, the iPhone, the college degree, and the smash hit HBO series Game of Thrones. Behind these six examples are stories that help explain not only how trade has shaped our lives so far but also how we can use trade to build a better future for our own families, for America, and for the world. Trade Is Not a Four-Letter Word is the antidote to today’s acronym-laden trade jargon pitched to voters with simple promises that rarely play out so one-dimensionally. Packed with colorful examples and highly digestible explanations, Trade Is Not a Four-Letter Word is “an accessible, necessary book that will increase our understanding of trade and economic policies and the ways in which they impact our daily lives” (Library Journal, starred review).

A Most Remarkable Enterprise

A Most Remarkable Enterprise
Author: William Sturgis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2013-12
Genre: Indians of North America
ISBN: 9781934400340

When the United States began to consider claiming territory to the Pacific Coast, Captain William Sturgis (1782-1863) had a unique perspective on the issue. As a mariner, he had circumnavigated the globe under sail four times and spent months trading with Northwest Coast Indians. As a merchant, he managed many of the vessels traveling to the Pacific in the first half of the nineteenth century, including the brig Pilgrim, on which Richard Henry Dana Jr. made the voyage documented in Two Years Before the Mast. Sturgis began to argue against American claims to territory on the Columbia River in 1822 in a series of letters to the Boston Daily Advertiser. Between 1845 and 1850, he gave the four lectures included in this book, the most influential of which was ¿The Oregon Question.¿ Though Sturgis devised the border that was eventually adopted, he did not support the expansion of either the U.S. or Britain. Sturgis argued that those territories belonged to the native people who already lived there, and in that he was a unique voice for his time.

SME Exports and Public Policies in Mauritius

SME Exports and Public Policies in Mauritius
Author: Ganeshan Wignaraja
Publisher: Commonwealth Secretariat
Total Pages: 166
Release: 1999
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780850926200

It is widely accepted that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are a powerful engine of growth and employment in many developing economies. However, little is known about the contribution of SMEs to exports in developing countries and the experience of policies to increase SME exports.