This easy-to-use reference book covers the most important people, places, events, and technologies of Roman warfare during the republic (400–31 BCE), providing a wealth of reference material and invaluable primary source documents. The study of ancient Rome remains both a high-interest topic and a staple of high school and university curricula, while recent Hollywood movies continue to heighten popular interest in Rome. This multi-format handbook examines warfare in ancient Rome during the republic period, from approximately 400 BCE to 31 BCE. Presenting ready reference, primary source documents, statistical information, and a chronology, the title explore all aspects of conflict during this time period, including key military leaders, pivotal battles and sieges, new weapons and technologies, and the intersections of warfare and society in the ancient world. The reference entries provide detailed snapshots of key people, events, groups, places, weapons systems, and strategies that enable readers to easily understand the critical issues during 400 years of the Roman Republic, while various overview, causes, and consequences essays offer engaging, in-depth coverage of the most important wars. By providing students with in-depth information about how the Roman Army operated, they develop a fuller understanding Roman, ancient, and world history.