This established text covers the full range of obstetric ultrasound examinations that a sonographer would be expected to perform in a general hospital or secondary referral setting, and is the only text that combines the practicalities of learning how to perform these examinations with the information needed to carry them out in a clinical setting. It encourages students to think about their practice and provides the sonographer with the necessary tools to provide a 'gold standard' service. - Explains the principles of grey scale ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound and instrumentation - Addresses problems from both practical and clinical viewpoints - Provides comparative images showing results of good and bad scanning techniques - Advises on how to communicate findings to a pregnant woman or gynaecological patient - Discusses both the normal and abnormal ultrasound appearances for each of the relevant anatomical areas together - Scope fully expanded to cover gynaecological ultrasound imaging including: - the physiological changes taking place during the menstrual cycle - the effects of exogenous hormones on the various ultrasound appearances during the menstrual cycle - the ultrasound appearances of common abnormalities of the uterus, ovaries and adnexae - the ultrasound assessment of an adnexal mass using a standardized approach - New images to reflect the improvements in imaging technology - New chapter on screening for Down's syndrome and Edwards' and Patau's syndromes in accordance with current national screening recommendations - New chapter on the medico-legal issues relevant to performing and reporting ultrasound examinations