Pathways and Challenges for Efficient Desalination

by Muhammad Wakil Shahzad
Pathways and Challenges for Efficient Desalination
Author: Muhammad Wakil Shahzad
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 147
Release: 2022-06-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1839688769
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Due to industrialization and increasing population, water demand continues to grow at compound annual growth rates of 7–8%. The current demand is also intensified by increased water utilization for hand washing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Today, around 20,000 desalination plants operating around the world produce 100 million cubic meters of water per day to supply 300 million people. These desalination plants are a major source of environmental and marine pollution due to their inefficient operation. Scientists and researchers are encouraged to develop out-of-box solutions to achieve future sustainability. This book addresses key challenges related to the desalination industry.

Advances In Water Desalination Technologies

by Yoram Cohen
Advances In Water Desalination Technologies
Author: Yoram Cohen
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 652
Release: 2021-06-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811226997
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The book presents chapters from world leaders on water desalination advances with respect to processes, separations materials, and energy and environmental considerations. It provides a balanced discussion of the mature and newer desalination technologies and provides a fundamental assessment of the potential of emerging approaches. Realistic assessments for the feasibility of energy extraction from salinity gradients, desalting high salinity source water, membrane distillation, capacitive deionization, are among the topics discussed. Also, among the topics discussed in the book are recent advances in the desalination application of nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, and surface structuring of membranes.

Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis

by Stewart Burn
Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis
Author: Stewart Burn
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015-09-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781780405056
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Early applications of desalination were small-scale plants deploying a range of technologies. However with the technological developments in Reverse Osmosis, most new plants use this technology because it has a proven history of use and low energy and capital costs compared with other available desalination technologies. This has led to the recent trend for larger seawater desalination plants in an effort to further reduce costs, and 1000 MLD seawater desalination plants are projected by 2020. Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis recognises that desalination by reverse osmosis has progressed significantly over the last decades and provides an up to date review of the state of the art for the reverse osmosis process. It covers issues that arise from desalination operations, environmental issues and ideas for research that will bring further improvements in this technology. Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis provides a complete guide to best practice from pre-treatment through to project delivery. Editors: Stewart Burn, Visiting Scientist, CSIRO Manufacturing. Adjunct Professor, Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University. Adjunct Professor, Department of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University. Stephen Gray, Director, Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University.

Artificial Water Channels

by Royal Society of Chemistry
Artificial Water Channels
Author: Royal Society of Chemistry
Publisher: Faraday Discussions
Total Pages: 450
Release: 2018
Genre: Biological transport
ISBN: 9781788013741
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This volume will focus on the chemistry, physics and material sciences contributions toward the rapidly evolving field of artificial water channels. The development of synthetic biomimetic artificial water-channels and pores is key for a better understanding of the natural function of protein channels. It is hoped to offer new strategies to generate highly selective, advanced materials for water purification systems. While synthetic chemists have produced sophisticated architectures able to confine water clusters, most water channel based work is being conducted with natural protein channels as selectivity components, embedded in the diverse arrays of bio-assisted artificial systems. Experimental results have demonstrated that natural biomolecules can be used as bio-assisted building blocks for the construction of highly selective water transport through artificial channels. Moving to simpler water-channel systems offers a chance to better understand mechanistic and structural behaviours and to uncover novel interactive water channels that might parallel those in biomolecular systems. In this volume the topics covered include: Structure and function of natural proteins for water transport Biomimetic water channels The modelling and enhancement of water hydrodynamics Applications to water transport systems tic and structural behaviours and to uncover novel interactive water channels that might parallel those in biomolecular systems. In this volume the topics covered include: Structure and function of natural proteins for water transport Biomimetic water channels The modelling and enhancement of water hydrodynamics Applications to water transport systems

Desalination in Nuclear Power Plants

by Gustavo Alonso
Desalination in Nuclear Power Plants
Author: Gustavo Alonso
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2020-04-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128200219
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Desalination in Nuclear Power Plants presents the latest research on a variety of nuclear desalination techniques for different nuclear reactor systems; it includes also several aspects regarding competitiveness, sustainability, safety, and licensing process. Authors Alonso, del Valle, and Ramirez explore the possibilities of the cogeneration of water and electricity using a nuclear reactor. This book consolidates the latest research to provide readers with a clear understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the thermal, membrane, and hybrid desalination processes, along with a comprehensive methodology to guide the reader on how to perform levelized cost analyses for water and electricity. The conditions for the coupling of nuclear reactors and desalination plants are presented, and techniques to maximize water and energy production and to reduce their corresponding costs are provided. Mathematical modeling techniques for different components of the power plant are also included based on mass and energy state equations, as well as different steam currents alternatives for coupling along with a proposed method for their evaluation. Explains nuclear cogeneration in the context of multiobjective optimized methods and their application in the design of a cogeneration system of water and electricity Explores principles to optimize the cogeneration process from an economic and thermal perspective (exergoeconomic analysis) Includes competitiveness, sustainability, safety, and licensing of the nuclear desalination system

ICCOEE2020

by Bashar S. Mohammed
ICCOEE2020
Author: Bashar S. Mohammed
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1147
Release: 2020-12-31
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9813363118
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This book contains papers presented in the 6th International Conference on Civil, Offshore & Environmental Engineering (ICCOEE2020) under the banner of World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress (ESTCON2020) will be held from 13th to 15th July 2021 at Borneo Convention Centre, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. This proceeding contains papers presented by academics and industrial practitioners showcasing the latest advancements and findings in civil engineering areas with an emphasis on sustainability and the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The papers are categorized under the following tracks and topics of research: 1. Resilient Structures and Smart Materials 2. Advanced Construction and Building Information Modelling 3. Smart and Sustainable Infrastructure 4. Advanced Coastal and Offshore Engineering 5. Green Environment and Smart Water Resource Management Systems

Introduction of Nuclear Desalination

by International Atomic Energy Agency
Introduction of Nuclear Desalination
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
Total Pages: 312
Release: 2000
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:
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Interest in using nuclear energy for producing potable water has been growing around the world over the past ten years. This book provides guidance for decision makers on introducing nuclear desalination, and describes the steps involved in project implementation. The purpose is to facilitate the introduction of this technology and the sharing of resources amongst interested Member States.

Plasmonic Photocatalysis

by Zhenglong Zhang
Plasmonic Photocatalysis
Author: Zhenglong Zhang
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 95
Release: 2022-10-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9811951888
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This book highlights the principles, research advances, and applications of plasmonic photocatalysis. As a new class of catalysts, plasmonic nanostructures with the unique ability to harvest solar energy across the entire visible spectrum and produce effective photocatalysis are viewed as a promising pathway for the energy crisis. Although plasmonic catalysis has been widely reported, the excitation mechanism and energy transfer pathway are still controversial. Meanwhile, the latest discovery of catalysis on nanomaterials is less reported. This book outlines the basics of plasmonic photocatalysis, including the electromagnetic properties of metal materials and surface plasmon, and discusses the catalytic mechanisms including the nearfield enhancements, hot electron, and thermal effects. In addition, the measurement methods and current advances on molecules and nanocrystals are presented in detail. Suitable for graduate students and researchers in physics, optics and optical engineering, and materials science, the book will deepen readers' understanding of the interaction between light and nanomaterials and expand their knowledge of the principles and applications of nanophotonics.