Environmental literacy is the level to which a person has a clear understanding of the problems facing the environment. It is essential to have a working understanding of the current environmental issues. This is due to the fact that the human economy is involved in a number of activities that are destabilising the ecosystems that protect both our species and the biological diversity of the Earth. There are several signs of this, including pollution, climate change, dwindling fisheries, deforestation, agricultural soil degradation, species extinction and endangerment, and other disasters. But we don't have to be very pessimistic. If our nation adopts proactive measures now or soon, it won't be too late to prevent or address a number of the critical environmental issues that put the wellbeing of people and the majority of other species in peril. Within certain bounds, we are intelligent and clever creatures, and our society is capable of implementing a sustainable economic system that can support both our way of life and a healthy environment. However, it is clear that any sustainable economy would require business practises that were different from those that were previously the norm. It will also need considerable changes in many people's lifestyle, especially in wealthy nations. Such socioeconomic improvements ultimately need to use a lot less energy, materials, and other resources than many of us do today. Also sorely needed is a more reverent attitude toward the natural world. Individuals will need to have a solid understanding of environmental issues to make such a transformation. If access to resources is restricted, many people may initially feel uneasy. Therefore, I think that individuals will be more motivated to change their lives if they are aware of the reasons behind the adjustments in light of the livelihoods of future generations and ecological sustainability in general. With this understanding, most individuals will be in favour of social and economic changes that maintain the standard of their present and future settings. Wideranging environmental knowledge will be crucial if a nation like India aspires to successfully navigate the difficult transition to an environmentally sustainable economy. This book was created in that context to assist Indian university and college students in developing an unbiased and informed awareness of crucial environmental challenges. In light of such situation, the goal of this book was to assist Indian college and university students in developing an objective and solid understanding of the essential need to protect the environment.